The United Nations History, Organization, Functions

The United Nations is an international organization designed to make the enforcement of international law, security, and human rights; economic development; and social progress easier for countries around the world. The United Nations includes 193 member countries  and two permanent observer entities  that cannot vote. Its main headquarters is in New York City. History and Principles of the United Nations Prior to the United Nations (UN), the League of Nations was the international organization responsible for ensuring peace and cooperation between world nations. It was founded in 1919 to promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security. At its height, the League of Nations had 58 members and was considered successful. In the 1930s, its success waned as the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) gained influence, eventually leading to the start of World War II in 1939. The term United Nations was then coined in 1942 by Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt in the Declaration by United Nations. This declaration was made to officially state the cooperation of the Allies (Great Britain, the United States, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) and other nations during World War II. The UN as it is known today, however, was not officially founded until 1945 when the Charter of the United Nations was drafted at the UN Conference on International Organization in San Francisco, California. Representatives of 50 nations and several non-governmental organizations attended the conference, all of which signed the charter. The UN officially came into existence on October 24, 1945, after its charters ratification. The principles of the UN are to save future generations from war, reaffirm human rights, and establish equal rights for all persons. In addition, it also aims to promote justice, freedom, and social progress for the peoples of all of its member states. Organization of the UN Today To handle the complex task of getting its member states to cooperate most efficiently, the UN today is divided into five branches. The first is the UN General Assembly. This is the main decision-making and representative assembly and is responsible for upholding the principles of the UN through its policies and recommendations. It is composed of all member states, is headed by a president elected from the member states, and meets from September to December each year. The UN Security Council is another branch and is the most powerful. It can authorize the deployment of UN member states militaries, can mandate a cease-fire during conflicts and can enforce penalties on countries if they do not comply with given mandates. It is composed of five permanent members and 10 rotating members. The next branch of the UN is the International Court of Justice, located in The Hague, Netherlands. Next, the Economic and Social Council assists the General Assembly in promoting economic and social development as well as the cooperation of member states. Finally, the Secretariat is the branch headed by the Secretary-General. Its main responsibility is providing studies, information, and other data when needed by other UN branches for their meetings. Membership Today, almost every fully recognized independent state is a member of the UN. To become a member of the UN, a state must accept both peace and all obligations outlined in charter and be willing to carry out any action to satisfy those obligations. The final decision on admission to the UN is carried out by the General Assembly after recommendation by the Security Council. Functions of the United Nations Today As it was in the past, the main function of the UN today is to maintain peace and security for all of its member states. Though the UN does not maintain its own military, it does have peacekeeping forces that are supplied by its member states. On approval of the UN Security Council, these peacekeepers are, for example, sent to regions where armed conflict has recently ended to discourage combatants from resuming fighting. In 1988, the peacekeeping force won a Nobel Peace Prize for its actions. In addition to maintaining peace, the UN aims to protect human rights and provide humanitarian assistance when needed. In 1948, the General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a standard for its human rights operations. The UN currently provides technical assistance in elections, helps to improve judicial structures and draft constitutions trains human rights officials, and provides food, drinking water, shelter, and other humanitarian services to peoples displaced by famine, war, and natural disaster. Finally, the UN plays an integral part in social and economic development through its UN Development Program. This is the largest source of technical grant assistance in the world. In addition, the World Health Organization; UNAIDS; The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria; the UN Population Fund; and the World Bank Group, to name a few, play an essential role in this aspect of the UN. The parent organization also annually publishes the Human Development Index to rank countries in terms of poverty, literacy, education, and life expectancy. Millennium Development Goals At the turn of the century, the UN established what it called its Millennium Development Goals. Most of its member states and various international organizations agreed to target goals relating to reducing poverty and child mortality, fighting diseases and epidemics, and developing a global partnership in terms of international development, by 2015. A report issued as the deadline neared noted the progress that had been made, lauding efforts in developing nations, and noted shortfalls as well that need continued focus: people still living in poverty without access to services, gender inequality, the wealth gap, and climate changes effects on the poorest people.

Essay about Frankenstein - 1651 Words

Frankenstein The Monster, The True Victim Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, symbolized a person’s necessity for acceptance by society. Society labels everything as good or bad, right or wrong, rich or poor. Although some of these labels may be correct, many are misconceptions. The monster, needed to be accepted by society, but instead was scorned, attacked, and shunned because of his outward appearance. The treatment of the monster was on the assumption that he was actually a monster. The only justification of this treatment was his outward appearance. The death of Dr. Victor Frankenstein’s father stirred his interest in prolonging life. He had noble intentions of helping humanity. As death is a part of life, he became obsessed†¦show more content†¦According to the Judeo-Christian tradition, Adam was created in the image of love or something greater than selfishness. God desired to create Adam and was prepared to act as an accountable parent. In contrast, Victor never even demystified the actual existence of his creation, much resembling an unplanned pregnancy that was never emotionally or rationally dealt with even after the actual birth of the child. One’s example of this complete disregard, is demonstrated by Victor’s absolute lack of concentration on the creatures physical demeanor. He gave the creature a disproportional framework along with a grotesque appearance. Frankenstein never considered that such a creature would never be able to coexist with human beings or live a normal life. The creature does not receive affection. Despite these unfortunate beginnings, the creature asserts that he was good, despite the absence of guidance and parenting until he encountered society. The monster first encounters physical sensations such as hot, cold, dark, and hunger. This period is the creature’s infancy state. He later learns through experience to distinguish, understand and handle these physical sensations. His sensitive experiences enable him to learn to care and sustain his being. The creature learns how to speak and the belief of morality and virtue through observation of the De Lacey family. This gain of language enlarges his intellectual capacities. He also reads their library, which includes bothShow MoreRelatedFrankenstein, By Victor Frankenstein988 Words   |  4 PagesLane Johnson Mr. Jones English 12 Honors/4th Period March 15, 2015 Victor Frankenstein and his creation surprisingly share many of the same characteristics. Even though Frankenstein is an ugly, unwanted creature, he and Victor withhold an obvious connection throughout the novel. However, Victor and Frankenstein also share their differences as well. Victor was raised in a very caring and loving home. His parents gave Victor everything he wanted and Victor grew up with great friends. Victor’s parentsRead MoreFrankenstein And Frankenstein Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesfictional characters, most famously in John Milton’s Paradise Lost, in 1667, and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, in 1818. The complexity of the characters in these texts creates the theme of nature versus nurture before they diverge and arrive at differing conclusions. Many critics arose over the years to contest the main character of Milton’s epic. Shelley, arguably Milton’s greatest critic, wrote Frankenstein to contrast her views on the conflict between creator and creation. She also uses an unconventionalRead MoreFrankenstein1112 Words   |  5 Pagesas a reflection of context. The capacity of thematic concerns to transcend time are manifested within Mary Shelley s 19th century gothic novel Frankenstein (1818) and Ridley Scott s dystopian science fiction film Blade Runner (1992) as both pose markedly similar existentialist discourses regarding the fate of humanity. Through Frankenstein , Shelley s romantic approach condemns humanity s intrusive assumption as creator during an era where scientific hubris prompted people to abandonRead MoreFrankenstein1009 Words   |  5 PagesMary Shelly’s Frankenstein seems to be an exact representation of the ideas of the 17th century philosopher John Locke. In Locke’s  "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,† he talks about the idea that we as humans are all born with a ‘blank slate’ that contains no knowledge whatsoever and that we can only know that things exist if we first experience them through sensation and reflection. In Frankenstein, the monster portrays Locke’s ideas of gaining knowledge perfectly through worldly experienceRead MoreFrankenstein: Technology1728 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein: Technology In Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus, written in the late nineteenth century by Mary Shelley, Shelley proposes that knowledge and its effects can be dangerous to individuals and all of humanity. Frankenstein was one of our first and still is one of our best cautionary tales about scientific research.. Shelleys novel is a metaphor of the problems technology is causing today. Learn from me. . . at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledgeRead MoreFrankenstein Critique866 Words   |  4 PagesAs Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein, she poured much time into portraying her characters and making them believable and life-like. Her scenes are painted with beautiful, descriptive words that are colored with vivid emotions and applicable morals. Her life experiences were strategically placed in her writing to convey a sense of reality and completion of plots and subplots. Her experience with failed love ties in with the emotion that she expresses the loneliness of Frankenstein’s creation. She developsRead MoreCharacters in Frankenstein1261 Words   |  6 PagescenterbExamine the way in which characters are portrayed in the novel./b/center br brIn the novel Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, the characters have been portrayed effectively. Much of the interactions between characters, and characteristics of the characters have been based on events which have occurred in Shelley s own life, or th ey represent what she believes is important. For example, Victor is portrayed as having a strong passion for science, and a poor understanding ofRead MoreFrankenstein : The Way Frankenstein, And His Creation1275 Words   |  6 Pagesprevalent in Shelly’s novel is the way Frankenstein, and his creation, are controlled by their emotions. Frankenstein is continually ruled by his feelings of fear, guilt, and love throughout the novel. For instance, he works for nearly two years to accomplish his goal of creating life, only to immediately flee because of fear when his work comes to life. This was a major illustration for the reader that despite being an experienced scientist Frankenstein was still ruled by emotions. In a largeRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - Victor Frankenstein is to Blame1046 Words   |  5 PagesVictor Frankenstein is to Blame Can an intense appetency for the pursuit of knowledge result in fatal consequences? In most situations when a strong desire is present consequences are seldom taken into consideration. In the novel, Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein pursues knowledge in an obsessive manner that blinds him to the possible effects. Victor Frankenstein is the primary cause of his creatures desolation. Indeed, Victor Frankenstein is at fault for the creatures isolation andRead More Victor Frankenstein is the Monster in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein566 Words   |  3 PagesVictor Frankenstein is the Monster in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through out the novel we are under the assumption that the demon in the novel is the man who is disfigured and hideous on the outside. While we view Victor Frankenstein as the handsome and caring victim, even though sometimes a monster cannot be seen but heard. Looks can be deceiving but actions are always true.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We first view Frankenstein’s ignorance while he is busy in his work. He had not visited his family for

Current and Future Perspectives of the Global Shipbuilding Market

Question: Write an essay on the current and futureperspectives of the global shipbuilding market. Answer: 1. Introduction Shipbuilding industry is one of the oldest heavy industry in the global market where very few companies are operating their business. The market of shipbuilding is associated with the different kind of ships production that is ships, specialized vessels for several commercial and governmental usages (Hadzic et al. 2015). The current market of shipbuilding is changing from last 10 years and the demand for the passenger ships is becoming low due to low speed however, the commercial use of the ship as a commodity carrier is growing day by day because of its capacity. Business globalization has increased the movement of the commodity in a large number from one location to other. Ship is the best option to supply huge number of goods. The objective of this paper is to understand the current global shipbuilding market and predict the future trend. 2. Market Overview Shipbuilding market throughout the globe is changing its dimensions because of the change in the nature of the product. In the past, the demand of the passenger ship was good because of the low cost due to huge capacity but in the recent time the market is experiencing very low demand of passenger ship whereas container ships is in high demand. The total market of the shipbuilding industry is 258.1 billion dollar, which includes passenger ship, carrier ship and ship for government use (Yu and Lindsay 2015). Companies like Hyundai Heavy Industries, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, STX Group and DSME are the market leader with most of the contribution in the global market (Cornel, Filip and Catalin 2013). Figure 1: Major players of global ship building industry (Source: Mickeviciene, 2016) The shipbuilding market is huge and the global market is associated with the demand of different type of ship that are container ship, bulk carrier, Tanker, cruise ship and specialized ship. Among them specialized ship is more in demand by several governments in different countries due to their defense requirement moreover the demand of the cruise ship is also increasing in recent time due to the boom in the tourism industry. Moreover, Oil Company and other commodity companies use the tanker and carrier ship for their business (Rivas-Hermann, Kohler and Scheepens 2015). Ship building industry is also associated with the ship repairing which is also a good revenue generator. Figure 2: Share of different countries in shipbuilding and delivery (Source: Khare 2016) Figure 3: Share of vessel types of different countries (Source: Khare 2016) 3. Global Shipbuilding Market Analysis The shipbuilding business is in charge of the configuration and development of oceangoing vessels all around the globe. The shipbuilding business is included in the development and alteration of boats and these operations are completed in particular offices called shipyards. The business constructs ships for business and in addition military purposes. Figure 4: The balance of world shipbuilding market (Source: Mickeviciene, 2016) The vast majority of the worldwide boat generation is amassed in Asian nations, for example, China, Japan and South Korea, however substantial shipyards additionally exist in numerous different nations (Kulkarni 2015). Shipbuilding is thought to be one of the most established, most open and much focused markets on the planet. Despite the fact that shipbuilding industry has incomprehensible encounters in surviving crests and droops of economy, the current worldwide emergency has hit shipbuilding industry all the more extremely. Solid government support and political security is required in this industry with more capital investment by the companies involved in the business. The key elements driving the development of the business sector are worldwide seaborne exchange, enhanced monetary development, raising urbanization and expansion in worldwide steel creation. A portion of the imperative patterns and improvements of this industry are green shipbuilding innovation, propelled equipping, ship dispatching airbag, LNG energized motors and solar and wind controlled boats. Notwithstanding, the development of shipbuilding industry can be influenced by expanded rivalry, ecological directions and political and money related precariousness (Cornel, Filip and Catalin 2013). The current market trend is in the declining stage due to lot of labour problem and lack of investment therefore most of the company are focusing on the establishment of the manufacturing unit in the Asian region. Figure 5: Value Chain Analysis of Shipbuilding Industry (Source: Mickeviciene 2016) Asian region is able to provide suitable low cost labour to the industry therefore the cost of operation will come low. The economic downturn also resulted low in demand due to low business volume throughout the globe. The current market is shifting from the Europe to Asia and China and Korea is leading the market in this segment. The large player in this industry belongs to China, Korea and Japan therefore the economic contribution of these companies to their country is also high (Shin and Ciccantell 2015). The low demand in the ship market will result in the loss of job that will affect the countrys economy also. 4. Global Shipbuilding industry performance Very few companies are associated with the shipbuilding industry therefore if we analyze the market performance then it is evident that more number of are coming to the shipbuilding company every years that includes the repairing job (Turan and Cengiz 2015). The amount of the repairing job is more as compared to the new order. Every company is responsible for the repairing job of their old customer therefore more time is given in the repairing job, which blocks the work of the new order. The trend of the market is clearly identifies that none of the shipbuilding company is able to supply their products in time however the success rate is as low as 50% (Mickeviciene 2016). Therefore it can be stated that the infrastructure of the shipbuilding company is not up to the mark because of the low performance that is also affecting the industry. Every company should make separate site for the maintenance and new shipbuilding so that they can make timely delivery to the customers. Million CGT /year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Order book 45.9 48.3 48.9 70.8 92.8 107.2 138.0 183.7 194.2 156.2 134.9 New orders 29.4 23.3 20.5 41.7 45.1 39.6 57.3 85.3 43.0 16.6 26.3 completion 20.3 20.2 21.4 22.8 25.5 29.4 34.1 34.6 41.9 44.4 40.5 Table 1: World shipbuilding results in CGT during 1999-2010 1-3 Quarter (Source: Mickeviciene 2016) 5. Future trend of global shipbuilding industry Figure 4: Global shipbuilding order book deliveries (Source: Khare 2016) The shipbuilding companies are getting good government support to increase the employment in the industry however, the market is not allowing at the moment. The sale in 2003 was the lowest in last 20 years history but the current trend is expected to grow in the near future. The global economy is recovering and most of the business is in the rise that is a good sign for the ship building industry. The demand of tanker however will remain low because of the usage of renewable energy that results in less demand of oil transportation (Jiang, Bastiansen and Strandenes 2013). The market is also affected by the increased cargo delivery through the air transport system, which is faster and more efficient than ship carrier is. The below figure is indicating that the shipbuilding industry is experiencing a low demand high supply however the recent change in the global economy is expecting to narrow the gap and more number of ship will be used to carry the goods from one country to other. 6. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be summarized that shipbuilding industry is highly related to the world economy because if the business throughout the globe is increasing then only the shipbuilding industry will be growing. However, the infrastructure of the shipbuilding company is also hindering the growth because they are wasting their time in repairing job and new orders are being delayed. The current market trend of the industry is also good and is expected to grow in the near future due the global economy reformation. 7. Reference List Cornel, G., Filip, N. and Catalin, P., 2013. Crisis Effects on Shipbuilding Market.Ovidius University Annals, Series Economic Sciences,13(2). Cornel, G., Filip, N. and Catalin, P., 2013. Crisis Effects on Shipbuilding Market.Ovidius University Annals, Series Economic Sciences,13(2). Hadzic, N., Tomic, M., Vladimir, N., Ostojic, S. and Senjanovic, I., 2015. Current state and perspectives of the Croatian shipbuilding industry.Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering,12(1), pp.33-42. Jiang, L., Bastiansen, E. and Strandenes, S.P., 2013. The international competitiveness of Chinas shipbuilding industry.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,60, pp.39-48. Kulkarni, P.R., 2015. Review of Global Naval Shipbuilding Trends and Lessons for Indian Shipbuilding Industry.Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India,11(1), pp.116-132. Mickeviciene, R. (2016). Global Competition in Shipbuilding.Trends and Challenges for Europe, 11, pp.201- 212. Rivas-Hermann, R., Khler, J. and Scheepens, A.E., 2015. Innovation in product and services in the shipping retrofit industry: a case study of ballast water treatment systems.Journal of Cleaner Production,106, pp.443-454. Shin, K.H. and Ciccantell, P.S., 2015. The steel and shipbuilding industries of South Korea: rising East Asia and globalization.Journal of World-Systems Research,15(2), pp.167-192. Turan, E. and Cengiz, H., 2015. Turkish shipbuilding industrychallenges and potential.Brodogradnja,66(4), pp.87-101. Yu, Y. and Lindsay, V., 2015. Export commitment and the global financial crisis: Perspectives from the New Zealand wine industry.Journal of Small Business Management.

Proposal to mine coal on Denniston Plateau

Table of Contents Abstract Context of the situation The issue Protagonists What will happen if the project commences Conclusion References Abstract The paper is an analysis of the effects of an economic project (Coal mining) taking place in a reserve (Denniston Plateau). First, a summary of the stakeholders was done and the historical context examined.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Proposal to mine coal on Denniston Plateau specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thereafter, the report looked at the consequences of this project on all entities. It was found that consumers of the product (mainly industrialists) and the mine company will benefit. The government will also get revenue from existence of the mine. However, these economic benefits will be offset by the environmental challenges that will stem from the mine. Problems of pollution in the local and global context will arise. This will threaten endangered sp ecies, destabilize local inhabitants and lead to climate change through emission of carbon dioxide when burning the commodity. Since several countries around the world will buy the coal, then this mine will affect a lot more stakeholders negatively than it will benefit them. Context of the situation The geographical context is Denniston Plateau, which is in the West coast of South Island, New Zealand. The area was initially a coal mining settlement with a close-knit community living there for years. However, after the owner closed a portion of the land, known as the Denniston Incline cable railway, in 1967, residents left the area. Only one residential house can be found in the location.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Biologically, the area has diverse plant and animal species. Scientists claim that about 505 species live in the plateau. Some rare and endangered creature s are there, such as the spotted kiwi. Velvet worms and certain reptiles are just some of the other animals that would be destroyed if the coalmine opened. Insect diversity in the location is quite noteworthy. About 77 insect species inhabit Denniston, of which the day-flying moth is part. It should be noted that this insect belongs to four endangered moths in New Zealand. Other noted species that might be endangered are the giant land snail, the West Coast gecko, as well as the southern rat (Stephenson, 2012). The plateau is currently a reserve for the Department of Conservation. Several entities have come together to form the ‘Friends of the Hill’ association. Former inhabitants of the plateau and national environmental bodies work together in this association to preserve the historical and biological richness of the location. In fact, these stakeholders have converted the plateau into a tourist site where visitors can learn about life in the mine prior to its closure in 1967. Therefore, the location has a unique cultural significance to its former inhabitants as well as to the rest of the country. The issue Solid Energy has proposed to construct a coal mine at a portion of Denniston plateau; approximately 200 hectares. It claims that the country will benefit from foreign exchange earnings that will stem from the production of coal in the area.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Proposal to mine coal on Denniston Plateau specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Economists approximate that a 63% increase in coal exports will occur if the commencement of the project takes place. The group also claims that it will create new jobs in the location. Further, locals will benefit from greater residential development. The mining firm argues that few people visit the location for cultural or historical reasons, so they will not cause excessive harm to tourist activities. On the other hand, cons ervation groups such as Coal Action Network affirm that Solid Energy’s claims are not valid. They explain that while the project will create jobs, the number of employees who would benefit would be too small to justify the environmental and social disturbance. Coal Action Network claims that less than 20 miners will get jobs, yet the presence of the coalmine will lead to increases in housing prices in the vicinity. Those who do not work for the mine will have difficulties in meeting these rising costs (Penwarden, 2012). A group of independent commissioners known as the Resource management Authority listened to arguments from both sides and made a decision on the matter.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The commissioners gave the project a go ahead, albeit under strict environmental responsibilities. The mining group will follow a strict rehabilitation plan that aims at restoring soil, water and air conditions during and after the project. The company must also have a hazardous substance plan, a water management plan, dust management plan, construction plan, as well as a geochemistry plan. Protagonists Bathurst Resources; an Australian firm is interested in mining coal at the location (Denniston Plateau). Solid Energy; a New Zealand mining company also wants to mine coal at a corresponding location; Stockton Plateau. Solid Energy is a stakeholder in this case because it is in the same category as Bathurst Resources in the hearings. Solid Energy’s arguments reflect Bathurst’s interests, as well. The government is also another protagonist in the case. It is responsible for passing subsidies in coal mining activities. It has also passed laws to the effect of ensuring tha t resource consent applicants do not consider climate-related arguments. This has the effect of giving mining companies such as Bathurst an upper hand in these matters. The government has stakes in the case because fossil fuels in the country are diminishing. It wants to capitalize on them prior to their end. New Zealand’s government is interested in strengthening the economy through the coal industry as well as through industries that depend on these fuels. One can see this through the subsidies that the government gives the dairy industry on its emissions. The presence of the coalmine directly affects the West Coast Regional Council. Economic activities from its presence will benefit the council in terms of taxes collected and the economic ramifications of the same. The coal firm will make a series of payments to the Council in order to facilitate some of the regulatory requirements, and this will also be a source of revenue for it. It would be quite beneficial to the local authority if coal mining started in the Plateau. What will happen if the project commences Coal mining displaces vegetation and changes the natural characteristics of a location. Denniston Plateau is home to a diverse array of biological life. Mining could cause an imbalance in the ecosystem by leading to the destruction of some of the food sources for these species. If the project succeeds, a habitat for the following species would be destroyed: Apteryx haastii, Chionochloa juncea, Powelliphanta patrickensis, Naultinus tuberculatus, Dracophyllum densum, and Metrosideros parkinsonii. All these species are either declining or in danger of extinction. The destruction of their habitat cannot be reversed because even though the mining company opts to rehabilitate the land after completion of the project; these species will eventually be lost. Therefore, conservationists such as Forest Bird and West Coast Environment Network will also lose because they wanted to protect the interests o f species in the location. In fact, their appeal against the protagonists illustrates that they aggressively opposed the project; they would be losers in the process. The above mentioned effect would affect people around the world because New Zealand is unique in terms of biodiversity and the species that it harbors. Bathurst Resources will export about 4.1 million tones of coal annually to several locations around the world. It is likely that about 200 million tones of CO2 will enter the atmosphere when consuming the mine’s coal. Concerns over climate change were rife during the hearings, and they will become a reality if coal production takes place at the Plateau. Bathurst will be exporting coal to some countries that do not care about climate issues. Several of them are not signatories of the Kyoto protocol, so they will not care about their rate of pollution or how badly they affect the environment (Robertson, 2012). Pollution in target countries must also be seen through the climate-change lens. When coal is burnt, it contributes significantly to the amount of greenhouses gases in the atmosphere. This leads to ozone depletion and thus global warming. Unlike other sources of carbon dioxide, coal is one of the dirtiest sources of energy in the world. The amount it produces is disproportionately larger than what other sources, such as car exhaust, contribute. Furthermore, most developed nations use coal to power steam engines and generators. These are all enormous projects that require a high amount of coal. Since it is the source of coal, New Zealand will contribute to global warming or climate change by starting this vicious cycle. Challenges of pollution in the immediate environment must also be considered. The actual mining process will result in the production of dust in the plateau and surrounding areas. While the mining firm will take some measures to prevent the spread of these particles into the atmosphere, it is likely that some of it will s till get to the air and pollute it. The particles stem from drilling processes, coal crushing and wind that spreads them over a large portion. The company needs to invest in dust collection systems in order to minimize the prevalence of these particulates in the air. However, it will not control all of the particulates, so some of them may spread to neighboring areas in the location. One must also consider the effect of coal dust on miners. Individuals who live in the location may develop black lung disease. This disorder often leads to development of lung cancer, but even in its original form, miners must learn how to live with the ailment as no cure exists (World Coal Association, 2009). Pollution will also occur in the form of land disturbance. Prior to opening up of a coal mine in any area, scientists must carry out an analysis of the prevailing conditions and how the mine might alter these conditions. Government authorities must know the level of land disturbance that will take place prior to issuing of a mining permit. If Bathurst establishes a coalmine in this setting, then chances are that the mine will tamper with ground and surface water levels in the plateau. This area will also change the soil characteristics and hence the vegetation that grew in it. If there were a large settlement of people in the location, then they would lose a substantial portion of their food resources. However, since only one residential house can be found in the location, then land disturbance will result in alteration of vegetation type. Conservationists and locals who valued the biodiversity of the vegetation in this area will lose out. It is likely that there will be barren patches left on the land and irreparable damage. Tourists who came to the Plateau to enjoy the scenery will have nothing to see any more. Additionally, soil erosion may make the place susceptible to dust storms thus affecting all locals who live nearby. In other circumstances, the project can lead to mine subsidence. Bathurst Resources will be mining millions of tones of coal from Denniston Plateau. This means that removal of the raw material will result in existence of an underground vacuum. Land on the surface can lower as a result of this space thus resulting in mine subsidence. Therefore, it will undermine land use for the locals if they ever plan on using that resource in the future. While local authorities have already anticipated this process and placed strict rules on how the challenge can be minimized. It is still true that not all surface lowering will disappear, and this will affect locals negatively. The problem of water pollution cannot be ignored when discussing the effects of the project. A coal mining project is one that places a lot of pressure on water resources in the concerned region. Bathurst Resources will place an additional demand on water, yet locals also rely on it. Unless the coalmine company commits itself to the use of recycled water, it may compete with members of the West Coast Regional Council with regard to the resource. Additionally, water pollution may result from the mine because it contains sediments and other pollutants. Therefore, the company will need to invest in a treatment plant. However, the treatment process will not be 100% efficient, and this may lead to water pollution of nearby locations. In relation to the above mentioned challenge is the problem of acid mine drainage. This refers to acidic water that stems from metals in drainage water reacting with sulfur-containing rocks. The overall product may manifest as surface run off and could cause heavy metals like mercury to appear in the surface or ground water. Acid mine drainage can also affect the local habitat in that location and thus affect biodiversity (Tiwary, 2001). One cannot ignore the issue of noise pollution when analyzing the effects of coal mining. Although this problem is minor, it is still worth noting. Local residents, especially families of t he miners must contend with this disturbance for as long as the mine continues to operate. Local populations may also be in danger of flooding if the coal mine opens. Bathurst will release high volumes of semi solid waste. The company will build a dam to handle this wastewater efficiently. However, in some parts of the world, dams have opened and contributed to deadly floods. This is a typical example of an environmental disaster that the project can create. In addition to the above, the coal mine could also put the locality at risk of fire. Coal is highly flammable, and if a fire starts inside the mine, then it can last for extremely long periods of time. In the mean time, it could release toxic fumes in the surrounding community. In essence, the only winners will be the owners of the coal mine and the few employees who work for them. Government authorities may also benefit through revenue collection. The coal production and export industry is highly profitable, so Bathurst Resourc es will enjoy immense returns from the investment. Consumers of the product would also benefit from a cheap source of energy. Conclusion If coal mining takes place at Denniston Plateau, it would only benefit a handful of people; government authorities, local authorities, and industrial owners. On the flipside, it would cause immense harm to the local and global environment through land disturbance and pollution during production and use of the product. References Penwarden, R. (2012). Mt. William North: Sharon McGarry did not save the day. Web. Robertson, C. (2012). NZ Climate legislation in disarray. Web. Stephenson, K. (2012). Mining company has legal victory. Web. Tiwary, R. (2001). Environmental impact of coal mining on water regime and its management. Water, Air and Soil Pollution Journal, 132(2), 185-199. World Coal Association (2009). Coal mining and the environment. Web. This report on Proposal to mine coal on Denniston Plateau was written and submitted by user Jocelyn King to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

When Is the Next SAT Test Date

When Is the Next SAT Test Date SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Here's a guide on when the next SATtest is happening and deadlines for signing up. At this moment, the next SATtest date is October 1, 2016. If you're prepping for the test, maximize your score withour top 5 SATprep strategies. Thenext SATregistration deadline is September 2, 2016. The late deadline, with extra fees, is September20, 2016. Make sure you know how to sign up for the SAT and how much it costs. Scores for the next SATtest will be released October 20,2016. Do you know what a good SAT score is? Make sure you know how high you really need to score. For college applications, it's important to get a great SAT score. Here are our best SAT strategy guides to get you on track to improving your SAT score. How to get a perfect SAT score, by a 2400 scorer Perfect score guides for SAT Reading, SAT Math, and SAT Writing Learn our complete set of SAT grammar rules Make sure you know the best way to study SAT Vocab Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

The Colorful History of Comic Books and Newspaper Cartoon Strips

The Colorful History of Comic Books and Newspaper Cartoon Strips The comic strip has been an essential part of the American newspaper since the first one appeared more than 125 years ago. Newspaper comics, often called the funnies or the funny pages, quickly became a popular form of entertainment. Characters like Charlie Brown, Garfield, Blondie and Dagwood, and others became celebrities in their own right, entertaining generations of people young and old.   Before Newspapers Satirical illustrations, often with a political bent, and caricatures of famous people became popular in Europe in the early 1700s. Printers would sell inexpensive color prints lampooning politicians and issues of the day, and exhibitions of these prints were popular attractions in Great Britain and France. British artists  William Hogarth (1697-1764) and  George Townshend (1724-1807) were two pioneers of the medium. Comics and illustrations also played an important role in the colonial U.S. In 1754,  Benjamin Franklin  created the first editorial cartoon published in an American newspaper. Franklins cartoon was an illustration of a snake with a severed head and had the printed words Join, or Die. The cartoon was intended to goad the different colonies into joining what was to become the United States. Mass-circulation magazines like Punch in Great Britain, which was founded in 1841, and Harpers Weekly in the U.S., founded in 1857, became famous for their elaborate illustrations and political cartoons. The American illustrator Thomas Nast became famous for his caricatures of politicians and satirical illustrations of contemporary issues like slavery and corruption in New York City. Nast is also credited with inventing the donkey and elephant symbols that represent the Democratic and Republican parties. The First Comics As political caricatures and standalone illustrations became popular in early 18th century Europe, artists sought new ways to satisfy demand. The Swiss artist  Rodolphe Tà ¶pffer  is credited with creating the first multi-panel comic in 1827 and the first illustrated book, The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck, a decade later. Each of the books 40 pages contained several picture panels with accompanying text underneath. It was a big hit in Europe, and in 1842 a version was printed in the U.S. as a newspaper supplement in New York. As printing technology evolved, allowing publishers to print in large quantities and sell their publications for a nominal cost, humorous illustrations changed as well. In 1859, German poet and artist, Wilhelm Busch published caricatures in the newspaper Fliegende Bltter. In 1865, he published a famous comic called Max und Moritz, which chronicled the escapades of two young boys. In the U.S. the first comic with a regular cast of characters, The Little Bears, created by Jimmy Swinnerton, appeared in 1892 in the San Francisco Examiner. It was printed in color and appeared alongside the weather forecast.   The Yellow Kid Although several cartoon characters appeared in American newspapers in the early 1890s, the strip The Yellow Kid, created by Richard Outcault, is often cited as the first true comic strip. First published in 1895 in the New York World, the color strip was the first to use speech bubbles and a defined series of panels to create comic narratives. Outcaults creation, which followed the antics of a bald, jug-eared street urchin dressed in a yellow gown, quickly became a hit with readers. The success of the Yellow Kid quickly spawned numerous imitators, including the Katzenjammer Kids. In 1912, the New York Evening Journal became the first newspaper to dedicate a whole page to comic strips and single-panel cartoons. Within a decade, long-running cartoons like Gasoline Alley, Popeye, and Little Orphan Annie were appearing in newspapers across the country. By the 1930s, full-color standalone sections dedicated to comics were common. The Golden Age and Beyond The middle part of the 20th century is considered the golden age of newspaper comics as strips proliferated and papers flourished. Detective Dick Tracy debuted in 1931. Brenda Starr the first cartoon strip written by a woman was first published in 1940. Peanuts and Beetle Bailey arrived in 1950. Other popular comics include Doonesbury (1970), Garfield (1978), Bloom County (1980), and Calvin and Hobbes (1985). Today, strips like Zits (1997) and Non Sequitur (2000), as well as classics like Peanuts, continue to entertain newspaper readers. But newspaper circulations have declined precipitously since their peak in 1990, and comic sections have shrunken considerably or disappeared altogether. But while papers have declined, the internet has become a vibrant alternative for cartoons such as Dinosaur Comics and xkcd, introducing a whole new generation to the joys of comics. Sources Gallagher, Brendan. The 25 Best Sunday Comic Strips of All Time. Complex.com. 27 January 2013.Harvey, R.C. Outcault, Goddard, the Comics, and the Yellow Kid. The Comics Journal. 9 June 2016.Jennings, Dana. Old Breakfast Buddies, From Tarzan to Snoopy. The New York Times. 9 January 2014.History of Cartoons and Comics. CartoonMuseum.org. Accessed 8 March 2018.Cartooning: Political. IllustrationHistory.org. Accessed 8 March 2018.

Cold War era Presidents Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cold War era Presidents - Coursework Example Issues that we consider to be at the core of the United States democratic experiment, like individual freedom, were trumped by the political realities of the Cold War whenever the two came into conflict. Sadly, they came into conflict more than we might like. On the one hand, we can accept the idea that Soviet-style communism was not a source of or way of providing real freedom. The Soviets were authoritarian and controlling, and the centrally-planned structure of the Soviet system was often enforced with violence, as well as with harsh, politically motivated punishments. In this sense, the fight against communism, whether it involved funding Afghani fighters resisting Soviet occupation, or fighting the North Koreans, or embargoing Cuba, can all be seen as effort to promote freedom abroad by curtailing and containing the spread of such a vicious and draconian form of communism. On the other hand, Cold War Presidents tended to make decisions that were so committed to fighting the spre ad of communism that they often sacrificed the freedom of many to do so. This happened both domestically and in foreign policy. On the domestic front, many core civil rights issues were left to droop, creating an uncomfortable proximity between the message America was trying to transmit abroad and the reality of freedom and equality at home.

Marketing Mix Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Mix - Research Paper Example the core product, the augmented product and the tertiary product (Ferrell, 2010). Before a company enters the process of creating a product, it has to answer some questions like; what type of product do they want to sell, what would be the quality of their product and also decide whether they will label their product as only new or sub brand. Based on these questions, some decisions have to be made. These product decisions affect all other marketing mix variables e.g. launching a machine of the highest quality influence the price and marketing strategy to be adopted to promote it. Being the determinant of any other marketing variable, a product features can be altered to make it fit in the marketing mix (Ferrell, 2010). This variable is largely dependent on other marketing variables therefore calls for regular review. The key factors that affect the price of products are advertising expenses, marketing expenses, distribution cost of the product, cost of creating a product and any damage fluctuation in the market (Dogra, 2007). These factors varies independently thus causing price of a product to bear the brunt of changes for a certain period of time. The change in these other variables calls for reduction or increase in the price of the product accordingly. Other external factors also hugely affect the pricing strategy to be adopted by a company. Competition vastly determines the pricing strategy to be adopted by a company. Especially if, the two companies’ products are substitutes, then a company has to set prices that are appropriate to the so as to avoid losing the market advantage to the competitors. Some companies choose to use pricing as a tool to position their product. Others use pricing as a tool to support sales promotions. They give their esteemed customers sales promotions inform of trade discount (Dogra, 2007). This usually refers to the distribution channels a company uses to make its product to the market. A consumer based

American Association of Medical Assistants Essay Example for Free

American Association of Medical Assistants Essay Introduction Throughout the medical community there are a growing number of organizations whom offer certification exams for those looking to enter the medical assisting field or other allied health profession. Few of these organizations offer the high standard of quality and largely respected and recognized credentials as that of The American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA) and The American Medical Billing Association (AMBA). The American Association of Medical Assistants The American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA) is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1955 by The Kansas Medical Assistants Society. Over the last fifty-seven years the AAMA has been steadily growing with over 20,000 members to date. The goal of this organization is â€Å"to provide the medical assistant with education, certification, credential acknowledgment, networking prospects, scope-of-practice protection, and advocacy for quality health care.† (AMAA, 1996-2012, Mission and Core Values) The AAMA administers the CMA certifications exam that is overseen by the National Board of Medical Examiners. This exam includes approximately 200 multiple-choice questions which are broken into a total of four 40-minute sections. The maximum allotted time for completion of this exam is 195 minutes. The certification that comes along with passing this exam is known to be the premier credentialing when it comes to the medical assisting field due to the AAMA’s diverse and on-going training requirements even after the CMA exam has been successfully completed. Each and every person that has earned the CMA(AAMA) credentialing must complete sixty hours of Continuing education units in the three required categories every five years and hold a current CPR certification at all times in order to recertify their membership and credentials with the AAMA. â€Å"The CMA (AAMA) exam is the only one credential that requires candidates to be graduates of a programmatically accredited medical assisting program† (AAMA, 2007-2008, Occupational Analysis of the CMA(AAMA)) An individual whom has earned this prestigious credential, possesses not only general medical office and administrative skills and knowledge but is also certified to perform numerous clinical duties as well. The training and versatility that is held by any individual whom earns the title of CMA (AAMA) makes them an asset to any medical office setting. American Medical Billing Association The American Medical Billing Association (AMBA) was founded in 1998 by Cyndee and Larry Weston whom have been the owners of a medical billing center in Davis, Oklahoma since 1989. Over the years, they have seen the start of many medical billing associations that were more self-serving and for-profit companies rather than out to serve the needs of their joining members. The Weston’s made it their mission to design an organization that would work for the needs of the small biller, thus AMBA was born. â€Å"AMBA is dedicated to helping its members become successful Certified Medical Reimbursement Specialists†, (American Medical Billing Association, 1998-2012, Information on Joining AMBA) which they do through medical billing certification, online training courses, coding certification prep and webinars, to name a few. AMBA also holds a certification exam, the Certified Medical Reimbursement Specialist exam and has been for the past 10 years. AMBA is the only organization that offers an exam that is specifically designed for the medical billing professional. â€Å"Although there is no state or Federal requirement of a medical billing professional to become certified to practice medical billing,† it is the goal of AMBA â€Å"to provide a professional certification exam that upholds a high ethical standard of knowledge that recognizes the competency of a certificant.† (American Medical Billing Association, 1998-2012,Certified Medical Billing Specialist) This exam includes a wealth of information such as ICD9, CPT4, HCPCS coding, HIPPAA. OIG compliance, insurance claims, billing, denials and appeals and much more. The exam itself is taken online and consists of over 800 questions with a minimum grade of 85 in order to receive certification, which is then valid for 1 year. The CMRS is broken down into 16 different sections which must be completed with 45 days of the start date of your exam. AMBA does require those whom have passed the CMRS to complete 15 continuing educations units per year in order to recertify. As the CMRS is the only exam of its kind, those whom earn this credentialing have the proven knowledge and skills thus giving them an edge in their field. Medical Terminology Medical terminology creates a standardized communication between all of the numerous professions that make up the medical community. â€Å"Medical Language is the key to a successful career in healthcare. If you want to â€Å"walk the walk† then you have to â€Å"talk the talk† of medical language† (Turley, 2011, p. 2) As I pursue my education and aspire to one day become a medical administrative assistant, I realize the importance of having a strong grasp on medical terminology in my field. For any person in or looking to enter a position in the medical field, being able to fully understand medical terminology is vital to their success, and an asset to not only themselves but those whom employ them as it can aid in communication to other medical professionals and also to the patients, increase the quality of care, and reduce liability. Conclusion Both the American Association of Medical Assistants and the American Medical Billing Association offer high quality and well regarded credentialing to those in the medical assisting and billing fields. Having a large knowledge base of medical terminology will aid in the completion of the exams given by these two organizations and also in working towards a successful carrier in the medical industry in the future. References American Association of Medical Assistants (1996-2012) Mission and Core Values. Retrieved September 28, 2012 , from American Association of Medical Assistants. http://www.aama-ntl.org/about/mission.aspx American Association of Medical Assistants (2007-2008) Occupational Analysis of the CMA (AMAA) Retrieved September 28, 2012, from American Association of Medical Assistants. http://www.aama-ntl.org/medassisting/OA.aspx American Medical Billing Association (1998-2012) Information on Joining AMBA Retrieved September 28, 2012, from American Medical Billing Association (AMBA) http://www.ambanet.net/ambainfo.htm American Medical Billing Association (1998-2012) Certified Medical Billing Specialist Retrieved September 28, 2012, from American Medical Billing Association (AMBA) http://www.ambanet.net/CMRS.htm Turley, S.M. (2011). The Structure of Medical Language, Medical Language Immerse Yourself (2nd ed). (p. 2) New Jersey: Pearson

Essays --

The executive branch enforces and carries out laws made by the legislative branch as long as they are approved by the head of state. You can find the executive branch in the constitution by looking up article 2. The executive branch consists of the president, the department of defense and many security agencies. To be the president, you must be a native born citizen, which means that you were born in the United States or someone who was born somewhere else but both of their parents are U.S citizens. You also must be at least 35 years old and have lived in the United States for 14 years. The president is elected when the people in each state vote republican, democrat or independent. Once they tally the votes up for each state, if it has more votes than the other party, then that state will usually turn to the winning party. Each state has electoral votes. Electoral votes are the votes casted by the representatives for each state in the Electoral College. These votes are determined by the population of a state. The Electoral College consists of 538 members, each states number of electoral votes it has are equal to the number of senators and representatives it has. The higher the state’s population, the more electoral votes it has. You add the 435 representatives, the 100 senators and the 3 electors from the district of Colombia. The number of votes adds up to 538 votes. That’s why the presidential candidates always try to win the big states like Texas, Florida and New York because by the winning the big states they can win the electoral vote and most likely win the election. You can win the popular vote (which is the vote of the people) and not the electoral vote and still win the election but it rarely ever happens. There is a pres... ...ch. The national government has many powers. Their powers include regulating interstate and foreign trade setting standard weights and measures, creating and maintaining armed forces, making copyright and patent laws, establishing postal offices, establishing foreign policies, creating federal courts, coin money, declaring war and finally admitting new states. The State Government also has many powers. Their powers include creating corporation law, regulating trade within state, maintaining schools, establishing local governments, making laws about marriage and divorce, conducting elections and finally providing public safety. The national government and the state government share some powers but not many. These powers include providing for public welfare, administering criminal justice, chartering banks, raising taxes, and borrowing money.

Qualitative Data Essay

VOCABULARY – I consider vocabulary as the easiest because with the use of context clues, I can easily understand the meaning of the word. – 7 respondents have the same reason. – I consider vocabulary as the easiest because you only have to be familiar with words. – 2 respondents have the same reason. – I consider vocabulary as the easiest because I’m a wide reader at a young age. – 2 respondents have the same reason SENTENCE/SYNTAX – I consider Sentence/Syntax as the easiest because you just have to familiarize grammatical rules. – 2 respondents have the same reason GETTING THE MAIN IDEA – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the easiest because by understanding the passage, you can get the whole idea. – 9 respondents have the same reason – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the easiest because there are no rules on understanding the passage – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the easiest because it is mainly asking what the text is all about. – 2 respondents have the same reason – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the easiest because it is mostly found at the beginning of the paragraph. COMPREHENSION – I consider Comprehension as the easiest because by simply reading. I can comprehend what the paragraph is all about. DIFFICULT: VOCABULARY – I consider vocabulary as the hardest because I have limited words stocks. – 4 respondents have the same reason. – I consider vocabulary as the hardest because I still need to consult the dictionary to know the meaning of the. – 2 respondents have the same reason. – I consider vocabulary as the hardest because I have a poor memory to retain word meanings. – I consider vocabulary as the hardest because I’m not a wide reader. SENTENCE/SYNTAX – I consider Sentence/Syntax as the hardest because it’s hard to analyze sentence structures and grammatical rules. – 2 respondents have the same reason GETTING THE MAIN IDEA – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the hardest because it’s hard to deal with the writing styles of the author and confused if I have to dwell with my own understanding. – 2 respondents have the same reason – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the hardest because words are confusing. – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the hardest because it is requires comprehension and focus. – 2 respondents have the same reason – I consider Getting the Main Idea as the hardest you have to identify the specific details of the story. COMPREHENSION – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because there are articles that are difficult to understand. – 3 respondents have the same reason – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because you have to check the deeper meaning of the text. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because you have to consider everything (sentence structure, grammatical rules, vocabulary etc.) to get the meaning. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because it’s difficult to retain everything I’ve read. – 2 respondents have the same reason – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because of the unfamiliar words. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because it requires prior knowledge. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because of the author’s ambiguous ideas. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because it needs fast digestion of the contexts. 3. What possible intervention could have been done to help you develop your reading skills at the point of your education? The following are recommended reading interventions: to become a wide reader – 19 respondents have the same suggestion study more vocabulary words – 6 respondents have the same suggestion involve in more reading activities – 12 respondents have the same suggestion watch more films – 2 respondents have the same suggestion teachers should stimulate motivation – 3 respondents have the same suggestion teachers should conduct more tutorial – 3 respondents have the same suggestion teachers should unlock difficulties before starting the lesson proper practice reflective reading COMPREHENSION – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because I’m having a hard time to understand texts heard. – 2 respondents have the same reason – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because I consider myself as a visual learner. – I consider Comprehension as the hardest because I easily lose focus 3. What possible intervention could have been done to help you develop your listening skills at the point of your education? The following are recommended reading interventions: get acquainted with correct pronunciation through practice – 3 respondents have the same suggestion learn different kinds of accents watch more films 3R’s- Read, Read or Read stay focused and listen keenly – 6 respondents have the same suggestion engage in more listening activities– 14 respondents have the same suggestion tele-conferencing with someone who has a different accent educators should encourage developing listening skills

Common Wealth Games

After having organized the Asiad Games successfully in 1982 at Delhi, India has been fortunate enough to be honoured by Commonwealth Games Federation to perform the duties of a host nation to the 19th edition of Commonwealth Games scheduled to be inaugurated on October 3, 2010 at Jawahar Lal Nehru Stadium. The Grand Gala opening ceremony was two-and-half hours duration which was a must-see event for sports lovers all over the world. Initially, these games were organized in different names.From 1930 to 1950, they were known as British Empire Games. From 1954 to 1966 the games were styled as British Empire and Commonwealth Games. From 1970 to 1974 the games were called British Commonwealth Games and finally from 1978, these games were re-christened as Commonwealth Games. Since then no change has taken place in the nomenclature. The Commonwealth Games are entirely based on Modern Olympic Games pattern. They are conducted and organized regularly after every four years interval.All rules regulations of Modern Olympic Games apply to Commonwealth Games in letter and spirit. The difference between Olympic Games and Commonwealth Games is that while Olympic Games covers 27 disciplines of competitive sports, Commonwealth Games organisation is holding competition only in 17 sports disciplines. Therefore, Commonwealth Games can justifiably be termed as â€Å"Mini Olympics†. Almost 10,000 sportspersons, including coaches and officials from 71 Commonwealth nations, would be in the fray to vie for supremacy in skills, speed, strength and stamina.As expected, Australia, Britain and Canada with their biggest contingents of sportspersons would most likely be dominating the present event, but India – the host nation – would not be lagging far behind. India’s prospects at the Games are certainly bright. The host nation is expected to win medals in the following disciplines. Archery and wrestling have been most popular pastime for the population of ancien t civilisations of India, Greece and Egypt. These countries have traditionally been producing good archers and wrestlers.Indian archers have very recently won a gold medal in Archery’s ‘Recurve’ event at Shanghai. The Recurve team of India consisting of Rahul Bannerji, Jayant Taluqedar and Tarun Deep defeated Japan’s Archery team. India’s superiority is fully established in this event and is expected to win at least one gold medal in the discipline. India has had a glamorous past in wrestling too. The country’s famous wrestler, Gama, better known as Rusteme-e-Zama, is said to have participated in London’s unofficial world wrestling Championship in 1930 where he defeated the reigning world champion Czevasko of Russia.Maintaining the glorious tradition in wrestling, Sudhir Kumar, the present Gama of India, defeated another Russian wrestler in Russia very recently. Besides Sudhir Kumar, there are other wrestlers like Yogeshwer Dutt, Anil Kumar and others who can bring laurels to the country in different weight categories. Chances are galore for India to win several medals in this sport. In boxing event also, India has a good opportunity to win more than one gold medal, besides several silver and bronze medals.India’s star Boxers are Vijendra Singh, Akhil Kumar, Nanao, Chhote Lal Yadav and Surronjay Singh, who would be definite winners of medals in this sport. Last, but not the least, one must not forget Mary Kom, the mercurial boxer who has won world title for the fifth time. After boxing, shooting is another discipline of sports in which Abhinay Bindra of India has excelled by winning gold medal in 2008 Beijing Olympics. Besides Abhinay Bindra, there are Manav Jeet Sidhhu, Gagan Narang and Tejasvi Sawant who are expected to perform well and add to the tally of medals.In badminton event the famous Saina Nehwal would be leading the campaign from the front along with Chetan Anand and mixed double pair of Jwala Gutta and Diju to win a gold, silver and bronze medals at Delhi Commonwealth Games. In lawn tennis, India has good chance of winning several medals. There is a renowned doubles pair of Leander Paise and Mahesh Bhupati who are expected to be winners in their event. Sania Mirza is also peaking at the right time to find herself at the podium of victory.Weight lifting is a tough discipline of sports in which India has excelled in the    past. Frontal campaign would be led by VS Rao, Monika Devi, Ravi Kumar and Sonu Chunnu who are expected to win many medals in this sports event. After the disastrous display of hockey at the last World Cup Championship at Delhi, India’s Hockey team, led by a Enterprising captain namely Raj Pal Singh, is said to have been rejuvenated if the recent international exposure is any indication.India has a good opportunity to salvage its lost prestige at Delhi. On record India’s hockey team appears to be the third best team in present competition , but there are two strong opponents against India- one is Australian hockey team-the current World Champion and other is England’s Hockey team –   the European Champion. If India can defeat these teams, it is likely to win a gold medal. Last, but not the least, is the athletics event.Athletics is said to be the mother of all games in sports, but strangely enough, the present youth of the country is not attracted towards athletics and therefore it is the most neglected discipline in the country. Still there is a hope to win some medals also in this discipline. All in all, Indian sportspersons must take full advantage of the home grounds. I am sure the Indian sports lovers will try their level best to inspire the sportspersons to highest pitch so that they can garner more than 120 medals, surpassing the previous Indian achievement at Commonwealth Games.It is really disheartening to note that star athletes of the world like Usain Bolt, Olympic and World Champion in 100 and 200 mtrs dash, Asafa Powell, former World Champion of 100mtr sprint and Shelley Ann-Fraser- the women 100 mtr Olympic Champion (All Jamicans) have decided to skip the present Commonwealth Games. Their absence would definitely dampen the spirit of sports lovers of the country. India’s organizational skill is at stake. If we prove our mettle by organising the event successfully and flawlessly the current Common Wealth Games at Delhi, India can legitimately and honourably claim to host the future Olympics at Delhi.

Immigration, Hester Street essays

Immigration, Hester Street essays From the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean, our country is a nation of immigrants. We have heard this in many presidential speeches and are constantly reminded of such. Look about and you will see people, faces that were born in a different place or are descendant of people born elsewhere. From New York to California, our country illustrates, with every human encounter, a nation of diversity, blend, and economic expansion. The strength of character this county has, in which tall skyscrapers were constructed, was build with the hands and manual labor that can trace to heritage miles across oceans. We are a country that has reached successes with a diversity of a nation who exemplified the American Dream. The late nineteenth century and early twentieth century were incredibly significant with regard to immigration in our American history. This precise time in our history is distinguished by one of the prevalent sources of immigrants, in any era, where the majority arrived from countries Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland, Russia, and the Balkans). The families and individuals that arrived at our ports, principally Ellis Island, were predominantly a peasant people. They were refugees fleeing political and religious persecution. They sort after the American Vision. The movie Hester Street (Director: Joan Micklin Silver) captures the very fundamental nature of immigrants and their enormous effort, together with their ambitions, to live the American Dream and absorb their new environment; their new home. The Polish-Jewish immigrates, depicted in Hester Street, and was one of the most influential people in the streets of New York at the turn of the century. Hester Street, the movie, takes the view throughout the early years of the Garment District. This film identifies with the turn of the century labor, segregation, poverty and many additional issues confronted by the movies immigrates. ...

Definition and Examples of Academic Prose Styles

Definition and Examples of Academic Prose Styles Academese is an informal, pejorative term for the specialized language (or jargon) used in some scholarly writing and speech. Bryan Garner notes that academese is characteristic of academicians who are writing for a highly specialized but limited audience, or who have a limited grasp of how to make their arguments clearly and succinctly (Garners Modern American Usage, 2016). The Tameri Guide for Writers  defines academese as an artificial form of communication commonly used in institutes of higher education designed to make small, irrelevant ideas appear important and original. Proficiency in academese is achieved when you begin inventing your own words and no one can understand what you are writing. Examples and Observations Dale was not a good writer. Trust me on this. . . . [I]n training to be an academic, Dale was crippled by the need to write in academese. It is not a language formed by any human tongue, and few, if any, academics survive the degradation of it to move on to actual prose.(Dan Simmons, A Winter Haunting. William Morrow, 2002)There is original thought here, but the reader is immediately confronted by the language academics apparently use to communicate with one another. Sometimes it reads like a translation from the German, at others that they are merely trying to impress or indulging in a verbal cutting contest. Here are a few of the words you should be prepared to encounter: hermeneutics, commodified, contextualizing, conceptualize, hyperanimacy, taxonomic, metacritical, rhizome, perspectivizing, nomadology, indexical, polysemy, auratic, reification, metonymic, synecdoche, biodegradability, interstitial, valorize, diegetic, allegoresis, grammatology, oracy, centripetality, and esempla stic.(Stanley Dance in a review of two anthologies of jazz studies; quoted by George E. Lewis in A Power Stronger Than Itself. University of Chicago Press, 2008) Vernacular Equivalents to Academese[E]ffective academic writing tends to be bilingual (or diglossial), making its point in Academese and then making it again in the vernacular, a repetition that, interestingly, alters the meaning. Here is an example of such bilingualism from a review of a book on evolutionary biology by a professor of ecology and evolution, Jerry A. Coyne. Coyne is explaining the theory that males are biologically wired to compete for females. Coyne makes his point both in Academese, which I italicize, and in the vernacular, staging a dialogue in the text between the writers (and the readers) academic self and his lay self: It is this internecine male competitiveness that is assumed to have driven not only the evolution of increased male body size (on average, bigger is better in a physical contest), but also of hormonally mediated male aggression (there is no use being the biggest guy on the block if you are a wallflower). It is this type of bridge discourse that en ables nonspecialists and students to cross from their lay discourse to academic discourse and back. . . .In providing a vernacular equivalent of their Academese, writers like Coyne install a self-checking device that forces them to make sure they are actually saying something. When we recast our point in vernacular terms, we do not simply throw out a sop to the nonspecialist reader, much less dumb ourselves down. Rather we let our point speak itself better than it knows, to come out of the closet in the voice of the skeptical reader.(Gerald Graff, Clueless in Academe: How Schooling Obscures the Life of the Mind. Yale University Press, 2003) If you cannot write about it so that anyone who buys the paper has a reasonable chance of understanding it, you dont understand it yourself.(Robert Zonka, quoted by Roger Ebert in Awake in the Dark. University of Chicago Press, 2006)Varieties of AcademeseCritics outside the academy tend to assume that academese is one thing, public discourse another. But in fact there are major differences of standards ranging from field to field: what constitutes evidence or valid argument, what questions are worth asking, what choices of style will work or even be understood, which authorities can be trusted, how much eloquence is permitted.(Wayne C. Booth, The Rhetoric of Rhetoric: The Quest for Effective Communication. Blackwell, 2004)Lionel Trilling on the Language of Non-ThoughtA specter haunts our cultureit is that people will eventually be unable to say, They fell in love and married, let alone understand the language of Romeo and Juliet, but will as a matter of course say Their libidinal imp ulses being reciprocal, they activated their individual erotic drives and integrated them within the same frame of reference.Now this is not the language of abstract thought or of any kind of thought. It is the language of non-thought. . . . There can be no doubt whatever that it constitutes a threat to the emotions and thus to life itself.(Lionel Trilling, The Meaning of a Literary Idea. The Liberal Imagination: Essays on Literature and Society, 1950) Passive Voice in AcademeseIf your style has been corrupted by long exposure to academese or business English, you may need to worry about the passive. Make sure it hasnt seeded itself where it doesnt belong. If it has, root it out as needed. Where it does belong, I think we ought to use it freely. It is one of the lovely versatilities of the verb.(Ursula K. Le Guin, Steering the Craft. Eighth Mountain Press, 1998) Pronunciation: a-KAD-a-MEEZ Also see: Academic WritingBafflegabGobbledygookLanguage at  -ese: Academese, Legalese, and Other Species of GobbledygookRegisterStyleUnder the Flapdoodle Tree: Doublespeak, Soft Language, and GobbledygookVerbiageVerbosity

Managing involvement and participation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing involvement and participation - Essay Example In the 1990s, worker motivation, productivity and the like became priority issues.3 In fact, raising productivity is a key government objective in the United Kingdom.4 Do employee involvement and participation initiatives contribute to increased employee motivation, productivity and retention? There are differences between these two subjects, 5 but they are not entirely distinct from each other .Employee involvement is â€Å"a range of processes designed to engage the support, understanding and optimum contribution of all employees in an organization and their commitment to its objectives.† Employee participation, on the other hand, is â€Å"a process of employee involvement designed to provide employees with the opportunity to influence and where appropriate, take part in decision making on matters which affect them.† Both of these definitions are those of the Institute of Personnel Development.6 In terms of engaged work, therefore, participation is more extensive than involvement. This paper looks into employee participation and involvement individually, discussing the concepts in relation to motivation, productivity and retention, and finally integrates them in a conclusion. Motivation, productivity and retention, however, will not necessarily be presented as a cluster every time a relationship is made with employee participation and employee involvement. In like manner, from the other end, organisational performance as a construct may point to the dimension of productivity, hence suggesting motivation and possibly even retention when related to employee participation and employee involvement. Participation may refer to ‘influence in decision-making exerted through a process of interaction between workers and managers.’7 But variations are possible in the degree or depth of participation, the range or scope of decisions subject to participation, the form that participation structures might take, the

Hedge funds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hedge funds - Essay Example The term "hedge fund" involves any pooled investment medium that is (1) organized in private, (2) directed by experienced and professional investment managers, and (3) not accessible to the public. Hedge funds are supported by rich personalities and institutional investors who are regarded as primary investors. Other investors include (1) endowment funds, (2) pension plans, (3) funds of funds, and (4) retail investors. (Boyle, 2007) Other bodies characterized as hedge funds are systematic and limited partnerships and liability companies or most commonly reside outside the United States. (President's on Working Group on Financial Markets, 1999) Hedge fund originated in 1949. By 1968, 140 hedge funds were operating as reported by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Within the last 20 years, hedge fund industry bloomed and become common in the U.S. market. According to Phelim Boyle (2007), in the year 1990, a total number of 610 funds are controlling $39 billion worth of assets. By 2000, there were 3,873 funds directing $490 billion assets. The estimated size of the hedge fund industry in mid-1998 was in the range of 2,500 and 3,500 hedge funds controlling between $200 and $300 billion worth of capital, totaling more or less $800 up to $1 trillion in total assets. As compared with other U.S. financial market sectors, hedge funds are relatively small. ... (President's on Working Group on Financial Markets, 1999) The Marko Maslakovic (2008) reports that despite the existence of market destabilizations, the hedge fund industry continued to grow in management assets and the number and type of institutions investing in hedge funds. For the assets under management, the hedge fund for this category amounted to over $2,250 billion in the end of 2007. Figure 1 shows the trend of global hedge funds in relation to their assets under management. The number of hedge funds reached over 11,000 in 2007 or 12 percent increase from the previous year (2006). The presence of the increasing credit crisis and increased market volatility did not hinder hedge funds assets from growing by 30 percent in 2007. Hedge funds did not incur any significant influence on the credit crisis because only 5 percent of their assets were examined in mortgage-backed securities in September 2007. Boyle (2007) mentions six (6) reasons for the hedge funds growth: (1) technological innovations, (2) derivatives revolution, (3) special ization, (4) increase of market complexities such as catastrophe bonds and structured products, (5) recent poor market equity performance, and (6) low interest rates. Figure 1 For the distribution of hedge funds in the world, reports of Maslakovic (2008) show that the United States is the major source of hedge fund investments with 67 percent of the total hedge funds assets in 2007. Europe and Asia are the next large sources with 22 percent and 7 percent shares respectively. New York City is the world's leading city for hedge managers and it is followed by London. In New York, around 60 percent of hedge fund managers are stationed in this city.

A Strategic Alliance of UTV and Disney Case Study

A Strategic Alliance of UTV and Disney - Case Study Example The UTV company was started in 1981 by Screwvala (UTV and Disney). At the time it was India’s first cable TV entity. While the company originally started out for several channels, it would late expand to include international content for channels such as BBC, CNN, and National Geographic. Later ventures in the US and UK markets significantly increased the company’s market share. The company is noted to have three verticals. The first is the company’s television content production; the second is the movie production and distribution; the third is post-production and special effects development. In terms of the company’s business relationship with Disney, the primary concern is with UTV’s Hungama TV. This entity is the company’s kids’ channel – the first of its kind in India. It was strategically hoped that in cooperating with Disney within the confines of Hungama TV, the company would also gain furthered access to international m arkets. Disney is one of the world’s largest and most recognized companies. Since originating over seventy-five years ago, the company has diversified into the major segments of Media Networks, Studio Entertainment, Disney Consumer Products, and Parks and Resorts. Most notably, in 2004 Disney launched a business venture into India. This venture was a major company element, reaching over 107 million homes (UTV and Disney). While Disney controlled Toon Disney and the Disney Channel in the Indian market, they desired to further expand through the acquisition of UTV’s Hungama TV. From Disney’s perspective, the acquisition of Hungama TV would further grant Disney access in the Indian market, as well as give the company increased access to UTV’s many media outlets.

Factors Affect Chef Acquisition Essay Example for Free

Factors Affect Chef Acquisition Essay CAROL L. CRISTOBAL, , â€Å"FACTORS AFFECTING CHEF ACQUISITION IN SELECTED HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN LEGAZPI CITY†, (Undergraduate Thesis, Mariners’ Polytechnic Colleges Foundation, Rawis Legazpi City, April 2012) This descriptive study determines the factors affecting chef acquisition in selected hospitality industry in Legazpi City. The qualification requirements include the educational attainment, number of years of experience and skills. Problems encountered and possible solutions by the respondents were discussed in terms of manpower supply, qualifications of applicants and position. A total of thirty (30) hospitality industry managers served as respondents of the study. The study showed a statistical data presentation of the surveyed respondents. This study was conducted in twenty three (23) restaurants namely : Alibar Restaurant, Boklan Food Center, Brent’s Bar and Grill, Colonial Grill, Delica Restaurant, Gasthof Grill, Gerry’s Grill, Golden Boat Bar and Restaurant, Harbor Work, Kanzo Hall and Restaurant, Kim’s Bowl Restaurant, La Roca Veranda, Max’s Restaurant, Mr. Crab Restaurant, Round the Clock Restaurant, Sibid-Sibid Restaurant, Sikatuna Grill, Small Talk Cafà ©, South Ocean Villa, Swaisi Bar and Restaurant, Valentino Bar and Grill, Waway’s Restaurant, 7 degrees Bar and Grill and seven (7) hotels namely: Alicia Hotel, Casablanca Hotel, Casablanca Suites, Hotel St. Ellis, Hotel Venezia, Pepperland Hotel, Tanchuling Hotel. All of the cited literature and studies in this study discussed the relevance and similarities which give the ideas to the researchers to formulate the process in the conduct of the present research study. The theoretical and conceptual framework, the synthesis of the art and the gap bridge of the study were presented to facilitate understanding of this work. Likewise, this study presented the possible solutions to resolve certain problems encountered by the respondents. Findings The following are the significant findings of this study: 1. Requirements for the Chef Position A. Educational Attainment The most important criteria in the selection of employees is educational attainment, thus, the respondents choose the bachelor’s / college degree and vocational diploma / short course certificate who rank as first (1st) with a frequency of 30. Second in rank (2nd) is the Culinary Course Certificate with a frequency of seven (7). With the frequency of two (2), the food and beverage services management rank as third (3rd). B. Number of Years of Experience In the membership of thirty (30), fourteen (14) rank as first (1st) who have 2 – 4 years of experience. Next in rank is the 5 – 6 years with the frequency of nine (9) and lastly with a frequency of seven (7) with a 7 – 8 years of experience. C. Skills It showed that in terms of skills, the first (1st) in rank are the knowledgeable in HACCP and other sanitation standard, having excellent communication skills and being computer literate with a frequency of thirty (30). The second (2nd) in rank is the Advance cooking skills and techniques with a frequency of twenty eight (28). The next in rank is having excellent organizational skills with a frequency of ten (10).The forth (4th) in rank is having knowledge in various cuisines with a frequency of seven (7). Lastly, the Knowledge in costing ranked as last with a frequency of six (6). 2. Problems Encountered by the Respondents A. Manpower Supply In terms of manpower supply, the limited applicant due to international opportunities has the highest weighted mean of 2.76 which result to an adjectival rating of often encountered. The second in rating fell on lack of qualified applicants with a weighted mean of 2.26 or interpreted as seldom encountered. In terms of low wage it got the lowest weighted mean rating of 1.79 or interpreted as seldom encountered. The general weighted mean is 2.27 or interpreted as seldom encountered. B. Qualification of Applicant The highest weighted mean of 1.20 and interpreted as never encountered is shown on lack of trainings. The next in rating fell on lack of skills and competencies with a weighted mean of 1.10 and interpreted as never encountered. Not physically fit got the lowest weighted mean of 1.06 or interpreted as never encountered. The general weighted mean is 2.27 or interpreted as never encountered. The qualification of applicants is not a problem to the respondents for a reason that they will not hire a certain applicant if it is not suitable for their needs. C. Position In terms of position, it is noted that the highest weighted mean which is 2.49 or interpreted as seldom encountered fell on unable to match properly the person to fit in the position. Difficulty to fill up higher position got a 2.46 rating or interpreted as seldom encountered. The lowest weighted mean of 1.06 or interpreted as never encountered is the highly demandable position. The general weighted mean is 2.00 or interpreted as seldom encountered. It implied that position is very important in every establishment to properly disseminate the tasks of every staff. 3. Possible Solutions that can be suggested to Solve the Problems Encountered by Respondents A. Manpower Supply In terms of manpower supply, providing competitive package to attract chefs got the highest weighted mean with the rating of 3.86 or interpreted as strongly agree. Next is should have a proper wage who got a rating of 3.13 or interpreted as agree. The lowest weighted mean of 2.40 fell on providing necessary trainings or interpreted as moderately agree. Training can much give familiarity and understanding with the venture of work that they have. The general weighted mean is 3.13 or interpreted as agree. B. Qualifications of Applicants Along qualification of applicants, the highest weighted mean is 3.26 or interpreted as agree showed up on providing necessary on the job training to seek potentials among trainees. Determining the skills and competencies got a rating of 3.13 or interpreted as agree. The lowest weighted mean of 2.67 and interpreted as agree is on requiring a recent (w/in 1 month) results of standard pre – employment physical exam. As the chef is always in the kitchen to do the cuisines that the customer should wish, the sanitation and hygiene of the cooks is much very important. The general weighted mean is 3.02 or interpreted as agree. C. Position In terms of creating more comprehensive positioning was rated with the highest weighted mean of 3.23 or interpreted as agree. Providing support among employees in terms of trainings, seminars, conferences and other food show activities came second in rating and has a weighted mean of 3.00 or interpreted as agree. Designing a well versed and well trained hierarchy of chef got the lowest weighted mean of 2.93 or interpreted as agree. The general weighted mean is 3.05 or interpreted as agree. Conclusions On the basis of these findings, the following conclusions were derived: 1.The requirements for the chef position in selected hospitality industry in terms of educational attainment, number of years of experience and skills as a whole, it showed that the selected hotels in Legazpi City are hiring an employee who has experienced in their job, matured with pleasing personalities, talented and skillful, sympathetic and congenial to the clients of the establishments. 2.The problems encountered by the respondents are seldom come across in terms of manpower supply, qualification of the applicants and position. 3.Respondents agree on the possible solutions that can be suggested to solve the problems encountered by the respondents in terms of manpower supply, qualification of applicants and position. Recommendations In the light of the findings and conclusions drawn from the study, the researchers offer the following recommendations: 1.The managers of the selected hospitality industry must periodically evaluate the performance of their employees to properly show if the employees meet the satisfaction of the managers. 2.The chefs or cooks are encouraged to undergo upgrading through seminars and workshops to gain more knowledge and skills. It is important to boost all their talents and skills in cooking process. 3.The managers of selected restaurants and hotels are encouraged to keep themselves abreast with trends in terms of interviewing and staff selection process. They must maintain and continue a positive relationship among employees to further reach their goals and objectives. Areas for Further Study The following areas for further study are likewise recommended: 1.Personnel Management of Restaurants and Hotels in Legazpi City 2.The Managerial Practices of Hotels in Legazpi City 3.Human Relationships Practices of Restaurants in Legazpi City 4.Innovation in Hotel Management for Curriculum Improvement in College

Character Education Programs :: essays papers

Character Education Programs One of the most important things to parents is that their child grows up to be a caring, healthy human being. Parents were actually asked what the most important thing they wanted for their children was. â€Å"The most common response, given by 48% of the parents, was making sure their child grows up to be a moral person.† (http://www.joe.org/joe/1998april/a3.html). A good way to ensure this is by implementing character education programs. With the increase in violence in young people today, character education programs are a great way to teach people various good and useful morals. Character education programs are exactly how they sound; they are designed to build one’s character throughout childhood so that the individual is able to make good decisions in life. Character education programs are intended to handle â€Å"aggressive behaviors, build self-esteem, resolve conflicts peacefully, encourage diversity tolerance, practice core values and promote character education† (http://www.joyinlearning.com/). The effect of character education programs on student’s behavior will be addressed. Character education programs are designed to help with many issues such as aggressive behavior, life skills, conflict and violence, safety, diversity tolerance and most of all, they exist in order to help build one’s character. Effective character education programs need to include many main beliefs. It is said that â€Å"Character education promotes core ethical values as the basis of good character.† This means that some values which include caring, honesty, fairness, responsibility, and respect for self and others are all essential to building character education. The hope is that schools that implement character education programs look at these values as obligations for the student to uphold. The second thing that character education needs to have is thinking, emotion, and behavior. The point here is to help people understand the difference between what is right and wrong, good and bad, and to use those â€Å"good† values throughout their life. In schools using character education, intentional, proactive, and comprehensive approaches are used to follow the values of good character. The intentional approach and proactive approach try to develop character, and the comprehensive approach uses every feature of schooling. For example, it would use the environment in and surrounding the school to try and build character. It would also make sure that the bus driver for the school bus is in good character.

Is the war on terror

The delight in comparing the historical accuracy of Arthur Miller’s play to the real events of the Salem Witch Trials and the Red Scare of the 1940s and 1950s comes from both the time at which the play was published and the historical parallels between the two times in American history. Furthermore, the play holds value as an attempt to explain unexplainable behavior and to teach lessons from the history in the hopes that they will not be repeated. It is a sad lament that the lesson remains unlearned and fifty years later we are faced with another American witch trial, this time under the name â€Å"War on Terror.†In short summation, â€Å"The Crucible† is a play ostensibly about the Salem Witch trials. In it, a preacher’s daughter falls ill after dancing in the woods with a slave and some of the other village teen agers. Her father calls in assistance from more world church investigators to find the root of the witchcraft that has left his daughter ill. A fter he threatens to whip the slave to death, she confesses to witchcraft and seeks to take blame away from herself by pointing the finger at other Salem citizens.Eventually, the finger is pointed at a married woman, Elizabeth Proctor, by her former maid Abigail who had been having an affair with the woman’s husband John. Her accusations are at first doubted because John admits to the affair and shows that Abigail is attempting to tarnish his wife’s reputation or indeed mess up his life, but Elizabeth, thinking she is protecting her husband, refuses to admit to knowing about the affair. She is eventually found guilty of witchcraft and spared the gallows because she is pregnant, but in the same misguided desire to spare herself more torment, accuses under questioning that her husband is also a witch. At the end of the play, John Proctor is being led to the gallows for his crime.Is any of this real? Yes. Elizabeth Proctor was given a stay of execution because she was pre gnant and most of her family was executed during the Salem Witch Trials (Burns, 1). The pastor’s slave, a Caribbean Indian woman named Tituba was among the first accused and pointed the finger at her owner’s daughter and others in the community, but there is no historical evidence that John Proctor had an affair and the real Abigail was an 11 year old girl at the time of the trials (Burns, 1). So why did Arthur Miller chose to make it all up? Possibly to give reason to the unreasonable. Though the witch hunts in Salem lasted a relatively short period of time, they left an indelible mark on American history, a time when man turned against his wife and children and neighbors to avoid being killed.Miller, a victim of Joseph McCarthy’s â€Å"Red Scare’, understood the premise all too well. The origins of the Red scare are much easier to trace than the origin of the Salem Witch Hunts, but Miller clearly could see the parallels between the two. In a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, in February, 1950, McCarthy made clear where his venom and hatred came from. â€Å"Five years after a world war has been won, men’s hearts should anticipate a long peace—and men’s minds should be free from the heavy weight that comes with war. But this is not such a period—for this is not a period of peace. This is a time of â€Å"the cold war.† This is a time when all the world is split into two vast, increasingly hostile armed camps—a time of a great armament race. â€Å"(â€Å"Enemies from Within†, 1).There is a term used in sociology to reflect the behavior, called identifying the â€Å"other†. The other is a person unlike ourselves who has some characteristic that makes them a threat to society as we know it. In the witch trials, it was witches. During the Red Scare, it was Communists. Today, it is anyone who appears Arabic or studies Islam and can therefore be deemed likely to be a terrorist.   Not having learned the lessons of history or of literature, after September 11, 2001, Americans were terrified and they turned to a new witch hunt, this time with the witches semi-identifiable by race.Too bad that you can tell an Arab-American who has lived her forever, or an Afghani refugee, or simply a hard-working Middle Easterner who has never considered the way of Al Qaida just by looking at them. Instead, we demonize a race and lock people up in Cuba at Guantanamo Naval Base on the suspicion that they might have knowledge about someone or something that might want to hurt us. The Patriot Act makes it an offense just to know people who might be associated with terrorism and encourages people to rat out their friends, with the same kind of threats that the preacher used on his slave Tituba.But this is not the first witch hunt since McCarthyism and is probably not the last. In fact, in many ways, Miller may have contributed to one of his own in the writing of â€Å"The Crucibl e†. In 1950s northern America, Communists were the enemy, but in the South, it was the uppity African-American wanting rights that he had been granted but not given after the Civil War. By making Tituba a Negro slave and implying that she practiced some form of voodoo, Miller may have contributed to this anti-African-American attitude (Hansen, 3).   By the 1970s, the witch hunt was against the American military and specifically those who had served in Vietnam, in the 1980s Reagan-era; it was those darned Communists again.The 1990s brought on a witch hunt in the Catholic Church, where suddenly every priest was assumed to be a pedophile and in 2001, Al Qaida made themselves into the witches of the new millennia.   At Guantanamo Bay, McCarthy’s famous question, â€Å"Are you now, or have you ever been, a member of the Communist Party?† (Popkin, 139) has been revised. The quest now is to find the next threat to Americans and the next unidentified witch.Works Cite dBurns, Margo. â€Å"Arthur Miller’s The Crucible: Fact & Fiction (Or Picky, Picky, Picky†¦) October 24, 2003. , November 17, 2007.McCarthy, Joseph R. â€Å"Enemies from Within†, February 9, 1950. < http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/6456>, November 17, 2007.Popkin, Henry. â€Å"Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’†.College English > Vol. 26, No. 2 (Nov., 1964), pp. 139-146   Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/373665?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents, November 17, 2007.